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Investigate The State Quarters
The Tennessee quarter was the sixteenth state quarter to be released by the U.S. Mint, because Tennessee was the sixteenth state to join the union. Tennessee became a state on June 1, 1796. It was the first quarter released in the year 2002. Governor Don Sundquist held a contest to choose a design for the quarter. Almost 1,000 students, artists, and citizens sent in ideas. The Tennessee Coin Commission chose their three favorites, and Governor Sundquist made the final decision. He submitted the final design to the Secretary of the Treasury.

There are three stars on the Tennessee quarter that represent the three regions of the state known as East, Middle, and West Tennessee. These three regions have very different kinds of landforms. East Tennessee has the Great Smoky Mountains and other mountains that are part of the Appalachian Mountains.
Some of these mountains are 6,000 feet above sea level. Middle Tennessee includes the Highland Rim and the Central Basin. This is a very hilly area with heights of only about 400 to 1,000 feet above sea level. West Tennessee is very different. The land there is flatter near the Mississippi River. This region is part of the Gulf Coastal Plain. The people of these three regions have had very different cultures.

The Tennessee quarter is about music. A banner on the quarter says, "Musical Heritage." There are pictures of three instruments on the quarter that stand for the state's three most popular kinds of music. Each type of music comes from one of the three regions of Tennessee. The guitar stands for country music, which comes from central Tennessee. The fiddle stands for bluegrass music, which is popular in east Tennessee. The trumpet stands for the blues of western Tennessee.

Country music is a mixture of folk music from Great Britain and blues from southern rural black America. Country music originated in the 1800's. In the 1920's most country musicians came from Georgia, Kentucky, North and South Carolina, Tennessee, and West Virginia. In the 1930's-1940's musicians came from Alabama, Mississippi, Oklahoma and Texas. There are many different types of country music, such as bluegrass, Cajun, cowboy music, honky tonk, rockabilly, and western swing. Nashville, Tennessee is known as the capital of country music, because of the Grand Ole Oprey. The Grand Ole Oprey is a concert hall where live country music is played on the radio. It started in 1925. Many country music stars started their careers by performing at the Grand Ole Oprey.

Bluegrass is a type of country music that does not use amplifiers. The main instruments used to play it are stringed instruments like the banjo, mandolin, bass, and fiddle. Guitars, harmonicas, and accordions are also used. Bluegrass music is also known as "mountain music." During the 1940's Bill Monroe and his group, the Blue Grass Boys made this type of music popular. He is known as the "father of bluegrass."

Black Americans were the first people to sing the blues. After the Civil War, slaves used field hollers and short solos called wails to have conversations while working on the field. This is why many blues songs have two parts called the "call and response." Many instruments are used to play the blues. These instruments are the drums, piano, banjo, and trumpet. Most blues players started with a banjo, but then switched to playing the guitar. The words in blues music can have two types of meanings. Some words can express loneliness and sorrow. Other songs can express a joke about life's troubles. This type of music became popular during the early part of the 20th century.